1. Inani elengeziwe lezimboni lemboni yezinsimbi zaseShayina liyaqhubeka nokukhula
I-Instrumentation iyithuluzi noma okokusebenza okusetshenziselwa ukuthola, ukulinganisa, ukubuka, kanye nokubala amanani ahlukahlukene aphathekayo, izingxenye ezibalulekile, amapharamitha aphathekayo, njll. Ngokusho "kwe-National Economic Classification" yakamuva ekhishwe ngo-2017, amathuluzi namamitha embonini yokukhiqiza izinsimbi. ikakhulukazi amathuluzi okubona, amathuluzi kagesi namamitha, amadivaysi esistimu yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo yezimboni, okokuthutha kanye nezinsimbi zokubala zokukhiqiza, njll.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemboni yezinsimbi
Ngokwemininingwane evela ku-National Bureau of Statistics, kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2020, inani elingeziwe lemboni yemboni yokukhiqiza izinsimbi zezwe lami libonise inkambiso yokukhula unyaka nonyaka.Ngo-2019, izinga lokukhula kwenani elingeziwe lezimboni lifinyelele ku-10.5%.Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-August 2020, ngemva kokulawulwa ngempumelelo kwalolu bhubhane, imboni yalulama kancane kancane, futhi izinga lokukhula kwenani elingeziwe lezimboni selibuyele ezingeni lika-1.5%.
Izinguquko kuzinga lokukhula konyaka nonyaka lenani elingeziwe lezimboni embonini yokukhiqiza izinsimbi zaseShayina kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala zika-2020.
2. Ngokuyinhloko ngokusekelwe kumadivayisi okulawula izimboni
Ngokombono wezinguquko emalini engenayo yokusebenza kwamabhizinisi ngaphezu kwesikali sezinsimbi, kusukela ngo-2016 kuya ku-2018, imali engenayo yokusebenza yemboni yehla unyaka nonyaka, futhi yaphinde yakhuphuka ngo-2019, yafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-724.3, okuwukunyuka ngo-5.5% ngo-2018 Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2020, imali engenayo yokusebenza kwemboni ifinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-577.1, okuwukunyuka ngo-2.7% esikhathini esifanayo ngo-2019.
Izibalo kanye nokukhula kwemali engenayo yokusebenza yamabhizinisi ase-China asebenza ngaphezu kosayizi omisiwe ezinyangeni eziyi-10 zokuqala zika-2016-2020.
Ngokombono wezigaba zemakethe, ngo-2019, idivayisi yesistimu yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo yemboni inesabelo semakethe esiphezulu embonini yokukhiqiza izinsimbi, ngesabelo semakethe esingaba ngu-34.68%;kulandele amathuluzi okubona kanye nezinsimbi zikagesi, nesabelo sayo semakethe kube ngu-11.50% no-9.64%, ngokulandelana.
Izibalo zesabelo semakethe somkhakha wokukhiqiza izinsimbi waseChina ngo-2019.
3. Ukusebenza kwentengo kuzinzile
Ngokokudalulwa kwe-China Hardware and Electromechanical Index, kusukela ngomhlaka-30 Septhemba 2016 kuya ku-2020, intengo yezinsimbi ezweni lami ibizinzile, futhi inkomba yayo yentengo iguquguquke phakathi kuka-108-112.Ngomhlaka-30 Septhemba 2020, inkomba yentengo yezinsimbi yezwe lami yayingu-109.91.
Ukuze uthole olunye ucwaningo nokuhlaziya le mboni, sicela ubheke “Umbiko Wokuhlaziywa Kwesu Lokubonela Ngangaphambili Nokutshalwa Kwemali Yemboni Yamathuluzi Akhethekile YaseShayina” yiQianzhan Industry Research Institute.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Qianzhan Industry Research Institute iphinde inikeze idatha enkulu yezimboni, ukuhlela izimboni, isimemezelo sezimboni, ukuhlelwa kwepaki yezimboni, ukukhuthazwa kokutshalwa kwezimali nezinye izixazululo.
Isidingo semakethe sezinsimbi zikagesi siyakhula, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu kuyinto ehamba phambili.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngizuza emigomeni emihle efana nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni kagesi yezwe lami, ukuguqulwa kwamagridi kagesi emadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya kanye nokwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile, ukufakwa kwezinsimbi zikagesi sekungomunye wemikhakha emincane ekhula ngokushesha embonini yezinsimbi yezwe lami.
Imikhiqizo yezinsimbi zikagesi ihlanganisa amamitha wamandla kagesi, amathuluzi edijithali, amathuluzi okurekhoda, amathuluzi e-AC kanye ne-DC, amathuluzi okulinganisa kazibuthe, izithumeli zikagesi, amathuluzi okuqapha amandla namasistimu, amadivayisi okulinganisa, amadivayisi okuphakelwa kwamandla, ukuphathwa kokulinganisa amandla kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula umthwalo wamandla, okungewona Amathuluzi namasistimu okulinganisa ugesi, njll.
Ububanzi besevisi yezinsimbi zikagesi bubandakanya imikhakha eyahlukene yomnotho kazwelonke kanye nokwakhiwa kokuvikela kukazwelonke.Ububanzi bokusebenza bubandakanya amandla kagesi, i-metallurgy, ezokuthutha, izimayini, i-petrochemical, imishini yezimboni ezilula nezinye izimboni, kanye nezemfundo, izivivinyo zesayensi, ubunjiniyela bezempi, bezokwelapha nempilo, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukulinganisa okujwayelekile kanye neminye imikhakha.Kuyigatsha elibaluleke kakhulu lemboni yezinsimbi.
Imakethe engezansi ikhula ngokushesha, futhi isidingo semakethe sezinsimbi zikagesi "sikhuphuka".
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, njengoba isidingo sezwe samandla amasha ahlanzekile njengamandla enuzi, amandla kagesi, amandla elanga, namandla omoya siqhubeka nokwanda, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zamandla amasha nezimboni ezintsha kulethe amathuba okuthuthukiswa kwezinsimbi zikagesi.Ukuthatha isiteshi samandla we-solar photovoltaic njengesibonelo, izinhlobonhlobo zamathuluzi namamitha afana namamitha we-DC multi-function metres kanye namamitha we-harmonic ayadingeka.
Ngokwemininingwane ye-Prospective Industry Research Institute, umthamo wonyaka ofakiwe wama-photovoltaics ezweni lami uzofinyelela ku-5,000MW ngo-2020, futhi umthamo ofakiwe uzoba ngu-28,500MW.Isidingo saminyaka yonke samathuluzi kagesi akhethekile sizofinyelela kumayunithi angama-840,000, futhi umthamo wemakethe ohlanganisiwe uzofinyelela kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-34.26.Ifakwe ekukhuleni okuqhume.
Iqhutshwa ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe engaphansi komfula, isidingo sezinsimbi zikagesi namamitha siyaqhubeka nokwanda, futhi ukukhishwa kwezinsimbi zikagesi namamitha kuyaqhubeka nokukhula.Imininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2019, ukuphuma kuzwelonke kwezinsimbi zikagesi namamitha kufinyelele kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-287.53, okuwukunyuka kwama-30.03% ngonyaka ka-2018.
Amandla okukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe bemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi naphakathi kokubili kuyathuthukiswa, futhi imikhiqizo ephezulu ayanele.
Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka entuthuko, imboni yezwe lami yezinto zikagesi isisungule iqoqo lezimboni ezisezingeni eliphezulu, elinezinga eliphezulu lokumaketha, inani elikhulu lezinkampani embonini, kanye nenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu enamazinga aphezulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu. indawo yokuqala.Imikhiqizo ngokuvamile ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukugxila kwezinkampani kuye kwathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo, isikali siye sanwetshwa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ukuncintisana okuyinhloko kuye kwathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo kwamanye amazwe kuye kwasakazeka emazweni amaningi.
Mayelana nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi, amandla okukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kwezinsimbi zikagesi ezweni lami sekufinyelele izinga eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo ephezulu ayikanele, futhi kusekhona igebe elithile ngezinga lobuchwepheshe. yemikhiqizo emazweni asethuthukile, okusho ukuthi amathuluzi kagesi wezwe lami Kukhona ithuba elikhulu lokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe embonini yamathuluzi.
Ngezinguquko zephethini yemboni yezinsimbi zikagesi emhlabeni wonke, izwe lami, njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wezinsimbi zikagesi emhlabeni, liye lakhulisa ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yalo unyaka nonyaka, futhi izindawo zalo zokuthekelisa ziye zaqhubeka nokukhula.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokobuchwepheshe, ikhwalithi noma umthamo wokukhiqiza, ingabamba iqhaza ngokugcwele emqhudelwaneni wemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.
Kodwa sekukonke, kusekhona igebe elithile phakathi kwezinsimbi zikagesi zezwe lami kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe obuphambili emhlabeni.Kuphela ngokunikeza ukwesekwa okuqinile ngokwezinqubomgomo nezimali, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obusha njengenkundla, nokwakha imboni yezinsimbi zikagesi yaseShayina esezingeni lomhlaba enendawo yokuqala ephezulu namazinga aphezulu, singakwazi ukuvala igebe ngezinga elithuthukisiwe lomhlaba futhi sibambe iqhaza. emqhudelwaneni wezimakethe zomhlaba wonke.
Inkulumo yesi-9 yesigaba sesithathu se-"IMAC Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Classroom", egxile ekusungulweni nasekuhloleni umkhuba wokukhiqiza ohlakaniphile embonini yezinsimbi.
NgoDisemba 13, 2020, inkulumo yesishiyagalolunye yesigaba sesithathu se-“IMAC Intelligent Manufacturing Cloud Classroom” ehlelwe yi-Intelligent Manufacturing Association of China Association for Science and Technology (IMAC) yasakazwa ngesasasa.Kulesi sifundo, uMnu. Zhang Haodong, umklami omkhulu we-Chongqing Chuanyi Automation Co., Ltd. unjiniyela omkhulu we-Chuanyi Software Co., Ltd. kanye nomakhi wezixazululo zesistimu ye-inthanethi yezimboni, ulethe ingqikithi ethi “Industry “Intelligence” Ukunika Amandla I-Industrial Digitalization-Intelligent Manufacturing Isifundo esimangalisayo Sokusungula Okusebenzayo Nokuhlola.Lesi sifundo sithole ukunakwa okugcwele umdlandla nokunabile okuvela ezilalelini, njengoba kubhekwe abantu abangaphezu kuka-3,800.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-21-2022